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英文吉祥经
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DISCOURSE ON BLESSINGS
(MANGALA SUTTA)
Thus have I heard :
On one occasion, the Blessed One
was dwelling at the monastery of Anāthapindika
in Jeta’s Grove near Savathi.
When the night was far spent,
a certain deity whose surpassing splendour
illuminated the entire Jeta Grove,
came to the presence of the Blessed One,
and drawing near, respectfully saluted the Lord
and stood to one side.
Standing thus,
he addressed the Blessed One in verse :
Many deities and men, yearning afer good,
have pondered on Blessings.
Pray, tell me the Supreme Blessing.
Not to associate with fools,
to associate with the wise,
and honour those who are worthy of honour;
this is Blessing Supreme.
To live in a suitable locality,
to have done meritorious actions in the past,
and to have set oneself on the right course (towards emancipation);
this is Blessing Supreme.
Vast-learning, perfect handicraft,
a highly trained discipline
and pleasant speech;
this is Blessing Supreme.
The support of father and mother,
the cherishing of wife and children
and peaceful occupations;
this is Blessing Supreme.
Liberal giving, righteous conduct,
the helping of relatives
and blameless actions;
this is Blessing Supreme.
To cease and abstain from evil,
forbearance with respect to intoxicants
and steadfastness in virtue;
this is Blessing Supreme.
Reverence, humility,
contentment, bearing gratitude and
opportune hearing of the Dhamma;
this is Blessing Supreme.
Patience, being easy to advise,
sight of the Samanas (holy men),
and timely discussion of the Dhamma;
this is Blessing Supreme.
Self-control, living a noble life,
realizing the Noble Truths
and the atainment of Nibbāna;
this is Blessing Supreme.
He whose mind does not waver,
by contact with worldly contingencies,
sorrowless, stainless and secure;
this is Blessing Supreme.
To them, fulfilling maters such as these,
everywhere invincible,
in every way secure;
these are Blessings Supreme.
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MANGALA SUTTA
Background Story
The word "Mangala" means "blessing", "auspicious sign" or "good omen". In ancient India,
people wanted to know what constituted real blessings that would make life happy for them.
This issue was even raised among the deities (devas) of the heavenly planes. The deities had argued, debated and discussed about it for twelve years. Some of them referred to "blessing" as that which was pleasurable to the senses - things that were pleasing to the eyes, ears, nose, tongue and body.
However, no satisfactory answer could be obtained.
Then, the devas from the Tavatimsa heavenly realm approached their leader, Sakka, for his views. Sakka advised the devas to consult the Buddha. Thus, one of the deities with surpassing splendour went to visit the Buddha at the monastery of Anathapindika in Jeta’s Grove near Savathi in the middle of the night. He asked the Buddha for the true meaning of "blessing". In response, the Buddha delivered the discourse now known as the Mangala Sutta, in which thirty-eight highest blessings were enumerated.
The Mangala Sutta is customarily chanted on auspicious occasions. The thirty-eight blessings are ethical and spiritual in nature, and provide step-by-step training for one’s journey in life. The sutta contains the Buddha’s advice and guidance for the ‘novice’ in life, and it ultimately leads one to liberation from suffering.