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慧日寺的名字原来和这尊佛有关，一起来认识一下吧

2021-03-01 08:00:00 发布：人气：15

大日如来，是清净法身毗卢遮那佛，毗卢是梵语，中国话的意思是大光明遍照。慧日，是智慧的、遍照的光明，是法身佛的光明。慧日就是大日的意思，慧日寺的主尊就是大日如来毗卢遮那佛。

The Great Sun Tathāgata is the pure dharmakaya of Vairocana Buddha, Vairo is Sanskrit and it means the great illumination of light upon all in mandarin. Hui(Wisdom) Ri(Sun) is the illumination of the light of wisdom upon all, and such is the brilliant light radiating from the dharmakaya of the Buddha. Hui Ri means the Great Sun; the primary Buddha of Hui Ri Monastery is thus the Great Sun Tathagata Vairocana Buddha.

大日如来是佛的法身

The Great Sun Tathagata is the dharmakaya of the Buddha

大日如来，依梵音可译成毗卢遮那佛，大日之意胜于太阳，毗卢遮那是光明遍照之意。

The Great Sun Tathagata is pronounced as Vairocana Buddha in Sanskrit. While Great Sun literally means the Sun, Vairocana means the illumination of light upon all.

大日如来，释迦牟尼佛的三身之一，表示绝对真理的佛身，是法身佛、法界之体性、实相所现。在汉译中，又有摩诃毗卢遮那、毗卢遮那、遍一切处、光明遍照等名号。

The Great Sun Tathagata is one of the three bodies of Shakyamuni Buddha, representing the Absolute Truth of the Buddha’s body, the dharmakaya, the true (fundamental) nature of the dharma realm, a manifestation of truth. When translated to mandarin, there are also names like Maha-Vairocana, Vairocana, The Luminous One, The Great Illuminator etc.

“十方三世佛，共同一法身”，十方三世一切佛的本质是一样的，一切佛的法身也是根本无分别的。毗卢遮那佛是一切佛的法身，也就是佛的自性真身。

“Buddhas of three lifetimes from all ten directions share the same dharmakaya”, the fundamentals of Buddhas of three lifetimes from all ten directions are the same, and there is no difference to the dharmakaya of all Buddhas. Vairocana Buddha is the dharmakaya of all Buddhas, which is also the svabhāva body of the Buddha.

上图：华严三圣

在《华严经》中讲到，文殊菩萨和普贤菩萨共同辅佐毗卢遮那佛，三圣合称为“华严三圣”。汉传佛教各大寺院丛林在古代时，往往在藏经楼或最后一进殿毗卢殿供奉毗卢遮那佛（大日如来）。

It is mentioned in the Avatamsaka Sutra that both Manjushri Bodhisattva &Samantabhadra Bodhisattva jointly assist the Vairocana Buddha and together, the three saints are known as “The Three Saints of Hua-yan (Avatamsaka)”. During the ancient times of Chinese Buddhism, the major monasteries typically worship the Vairocana Buddha (The Great Sun Tathagata) inside the Buddhist Scriptures Depository or in the final entrance of the monastery, Vairo Hall.

大日除一切暗

The Great Sun eliminates all darkness

大日如来名称出现在公元七世纪善无畏三藏翻译的《大日经》里。大日是除一切暗，遍照宇宙万物，能利养世间一切生物，大日之光为不生不灭。

This appellation of the Great Sun Tathagata first emerged in the translation of the Mahāvairocana Tantra during the seventh century AD, by Tripitaka Śubhakarasiṃha. The Great Sun eliminates all darkness, illuminates all beings of the universe, benefitting and nourishing all lives. The light of the Great Sun is never born and will never die.

大日如来是遍照一切世间万物而无任何阻碍的法体，众德圆满，智慧之光遍照一切处，无昼夜之分。世间与出世间的一切有情无情，都能受到恩惠，启动萌生佛心，获不可思议之成就。

Nothing can obstruct the dharmakaya of the Great Sun Tathagata from illuminating upon all lives in this world, with all virtues perfected, the light of wisdom is casted upon all and there is no difference between day & night. All beings of the mundane & supra-mundane are graced, whose heart of the Buddha is initiated and sprouts, attaining the unimaginable accomplishment.

《大日经疏》记载：“如来日光遍照法界，亦能开发众生善根，乃至世间事业由之成办。”

It is documented within the Commentary onMahāvairocana Tantra: “The light of the Tathagata permeates the dharma realm; it has the ability to grow sentient beings’ roots of goodness, to the extent of fulfilling all mundane affairs.”

弘一大师曾经谈及自己初学佛时对金刚乘有过轻慢，后来读《大日顶经》的疏钞，才知晓金刚乘非常殊胜。于是便亲笔手抄《药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经》，以抄经的功德来忏悔过去慢法罪、谤法罪。

Ven. Master Hong Yi had spoke of his disrespect towards Vajrayana during his initial period of practicing Buddhism. Only after reading the notes on Da Ri Ding Jing did he realize the magnificence of the Vajrayana. Thus, he hand-copied the Sutra of the Merits and Virtues of the Past Vows of Medicine Master Vaidurya Light Tathagata, and by the merits of copying the sutra, he repented for his past disrespect & defamation of the dharma.

如来圣号含义

Meanings of the sacred appellation of the Tathagata

依据《大日经疏》卷一记载，大日如来圣号有三种含义：

According to the documentation in the first chapter of Commentary onMahāvairocana Tantra, there are three meanings of the sacred appellation of the Tathagata:

（一）除暗遍明义，谓如来智慧日光遍一切处，作大照明，无有内外、昼夜之别。

(1)Eliminating & permeating darkness with moralities- it means that the Tathagata’s light of wisdom permeates all places, providing great clarity and thus, there is neither a difference between internal & external nor day & night.

（二）众务成办义，谓如来日光遍照法界，能平等开发无量众生之善根，乃至成就世、出世间种种殊胜事业。

(2) Accomplishment of all matters - it means that the Tathagata’s light like the sun illuminates the entire dharma realm, growing the roots of sentient beings’ goodness equally, to the extent of fulfilling all various mundane and supra-mundane matters.

（三）光无生灭义，谓佛心之日虽为无明所覆障，而无所减；究竟如法实相三昧圆明，而无所增。

(3) The light that has never been born and will never die – it means while the Sun, which is the heart of Buddha, has been clouded by ignorance, it does not diminish; the Perfect Truth, the perfection of the real Samadhi - it has never increased.

以如此诸种原因，故世间之日不可为喻，但取其少分相似处，故加以“大”字。

With these reasons, while the sun of mundane world should not be used as a comparison, few similarities have been extracted and thus the word “Maha (Great)” is added to it.

金刚界大日如来

The Great Sun Tathagata of the Diamond (Vajra) realm

金刚界大日如来，象征摧坏众生烦恼，把降伏烦恼的智慧比喻为“金刚”，表示其坚固不坏，代表着如来智慧的世界。

The Great Sun Tathagata of the Diamond (Vajra) realm symbolizes the extermination of the troubles of sentient beings. With “diamond (Vajra)” as an analogy for subduing troubles, it signifies indestructibility and is representative of the Tathagata’s world of wisdom.

《金刚顶经义诀》卷上说：此如来又名“佛菩萨眼如来”，亦名“诸佛菩萨母”，亦名“诸佛菩萨最上广博清净藏”。一切诸佛菩萨因此而得以明见，于中出生，一切贤圣于中安住，故有此名。

It is mentioned in the chapter of The Essence of Vajraśekharasūtra: Such Tathagata is also named “Tathagata of the Eye of Buddhas & Bodhisattvas,” “Mother of all Buddhas & Bodhisattvas,” “Most Extensive & Pure Treasury of all Buddhas & Bodhisattvas.” As a result, all Buddhas & Bodhisattvas obtain clarity and are thus being reborn. All the virtuous and saints abide by it and thus the names.

大日如来在金刚界中，密号“遍照金刚”、“无障金刚”。在一印会、四印会及成身会中，皆身呈白肉色，具足三十二相八十种好，手结智拳印，头戴五佛宝冠，着妙天衣。

In the diamond (vajra) realm, the secret appellation of the Great Sun Tathagata is known as “Vajra that illuminates all,” “Unimpeded Vajra.” In the Ichiin-e/Ichiin-ne (Top row, middle*), Shiin-e/Shiin-ne (Top row, far left*) and Jōjin-e / Jōjin-ne (Central mandala of the nine-panel*), the bodies are white, complete with the Buddha's thirty-two aspects and eighty virtues, displaying the Bodhyangimudrā, wearing the Crown of the Five Buddhas on his head and donning the wondrous heavenly robe.

上图：唐密金刚界坛城

金刚界曼荼罗五大月轮中央轮五尊之中尊也，位于色界顶摩醯首罗宫（即大自在宫与胎藏大日依处同），不坏金刚光明心殿中，五相圆满。始成正觉之相，显修生智德之智法身也。其相似菩萨，作天人之状，跏趺坐，头垂发，戴五智之宝冠，手结智拳印，即左手食指伸直，用右手的手掌把它握住，通身之色清白。

The Buddha located in the centre of the five great circles in Diamond realm mandala is positioned in the panel at the top of rūpa-dhātuMaheśvara (same position as the Maheśvara and Womb realm of the Great Sun), within the unimpeded vajra’s spiritual hall of brilliant light, the five images are perfected. The image of Sambodhi is formed, manifesting the dharmakaya of the wisdom that arises from the virtues of practicing. This image is like a Bodhisattva with the state of a heavenly being, seated in a full lotus position, hair flowing down from the head, wearing the prized crown of the five wisdoms, displaying the Bodhyangi mudra, in which the index finger of the left hand is clasped by the right hand, the entire body a hue of pure white.

以“鑁”(vam)字为种子字，以五股杵为三昧耶形，密号谓之“遍照金刚”。《秘藏记钞三》曰：“金刚界者以五股杵为体，五股杵表五智，即大日三昧耶形也。”

With “Vam” as the seed-syllable (bījākṣara), the five-pronged vajra as the Samaya form, the secret appellation is known as “Vajra that illuminates all.” As documented in the Mìcángjìchāosān: “The five-pronged vajra serves as the fundamental for those in the Diamond (Vajra) realm, with wisdom represented by the five-pronged vajra, it is the Samaya form of the Great Sun.”

大日如来形像

The portrayal of the Great Sun Tathagata

大日如来的形像常见为比丘形，结跏趺坐，头戴五佛冠或结发髻冠，全身璎珞珠宝严饰，显得华丽高贵。在密宗金刚界和胎藏界有不同姿势，两种的区别主要在手印上。

The Great Sun Tathagata is often portrayed as a Bhikkhu, seated in the full lotus position, wearing the Crown of the Five Buddhas or wearing a crown with his hair tied in a bun, the entire body adorned with jewels, seemingly gorgeous and elegant. Assuming different positions in the diamond (vajra) realm of Esoteric Buddhism and the Womb Realm, the main difference between the two lies in the mudras.

在金刚界，祂表示智大日的意思，称大日智法身。其突出特征是两手结智拳印，即右手握左手食指置胸前。

In the diamond (vajra) realm, He signifies the wisdom that is great like the sun, and is addressed as the dharmakaya of the wisdom like the Great Sun, distinctively characterized by the Bodhyangi mudra, in which the index finger of the left hand is clasped by the right hand, positioned right before the chest.

在胎藏界，祂表示理大日的意思，称大日理法身。其突出特征是两手结法界定印，即手掌仰置，右手在上，左手在下，两拇指相触，置于脐下。

In the Womb Realm, He signifies the Truth that is like the Great Sun, and is addressed as the dharmakaya of the Truth of the Great Sun, distinctively characterized by Dharmachakra mudra with the two hands close together in front of the chest in vitarka with palms upward and the right palm upon the left palm, and two thumbs touching each other, positioned below the naval.

上图：唐密胎藏界坛城

《大梵天王问佛决疑经》云：毗卢遮那佛，法身遍法界；顶有五佛冠，坐千叶莲华；身著璎珞衣，身色紫磨金；百福本具足，万善庄严身。

As stated in the Sutra of the Buddha addressing the doubts of the Brahma King: Vairocana Buddha, with his dharmakaya permeating the dharma realm is topped with the Crown of the Five Buddhas, seated upon the lotus of a thousand petals, and donning jewel-adorned accessories; the hue of body is purplish gold; he is complete with all the blessings and embellished with ten thousand goodness.

与释迦牟尼佛顶上肉髻不同，毗卢遮那佛顶上戴着五佛冠。在毗卢遮那佛的造像中，佛座由千叶莲花构成，每一瓣莲花都象征着佛的一尊化身，这也叫做“千佛绕毗卢”。

With a uṣṇīṣa that is different from Shakyamuni Buddha’s, the Vairocana Buddha wears the crown of the Five Buddhas on his head. In the statue depicting the Vairocana Buddha, the Buddha’s seat is made of the lotus of a thousand petals, every petal representative of a manifestation of the Buddha. This is also known as the “Vairo Circled by a thousand Buddhas.”

修持功德利益

Merits & benefits of Practising

大日如来心咒：

Heart Mantra of the Great Sun Tathagata:

嗡缚日罗驮都鍐

“wēng、fúrìluó、tuódū、zōng”

由于如来智慧光明遍照一切处，能使无边法界普放光明，能平等开发无量众生之善根，乃至成就世出、世间种种殊胜事业。

As the brilliance of the Tathagata’s light of wisdom permeates all places, the boundless dharma realm radiates with brilliant light, growing the roots of sentient beings’ goodness equally, to the extent of fulfilling all various mundane and supra-mundane matters.

佛教的每一个咒都有真实不虚的功德。我们念咒，要生起出离心，没有我执地念；要以大光明心、菩提心为心，以诸佛心为心去念；要以空性的大悲，以圆满的光明去念。

Every mantra in Buddhism has its true merits. When we are reciting mantras, we should give rise to the heart of renunciation, reciting without the Atma-graha (stubbornly holding on to ego); we should recite with the heart of the great brilliant light, with the Bodhicitta as ones’ heart, recite with the heart of all Buddhas; recite with the great compassion that arises from the nature of emptiness, and recite with the perfect brilliant light.

修持大日如来法门，可以消解大道众生灾苦，成办世界善利事业，终而度脱生死无明，明心见性，证得法相实性。

Practicing with the method from the Great Sun Tathagata annihilates the disasters and hardships of sentient beings on the Great Way, fulfilling and benefitting all mundane matters, with liberation from the ignorance of life and death eventually, meeting one’s true nature as the heart becomes clear, attaining the true nature of dharma form.

顶礼供养皈依大日如来毗卢遮那佛

Homage to, worship and take refuge in the Great Sun Tathagata Vairocana Buddha